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These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. <code>|rfc=822</code> or <code>|pmc=345678</code>.
 
When an URL is equivalent to the link produced by the corresponding identifier (such as a [[Digital object identifier|DOI]]), don't add it to any URL parameter but use the appropriate identifier parameter, which is more stable and may allow to specify the [[help:Citation_Style_1#Registration_or_subscription_required|access status]]. The {{para|url}} parameter or title link can then be used for its prime purpose of providing a [[wikipedia:Citing_sources#Convenience_links|convenience link]] to an [[open access]] copy which would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
* <span id="csdoc_arxiv" />'''arxiv''': [[arXiv]] [http://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier identifier]; for example: <code>arxiv=hep-th/9205027</code> (before April 2007) or <code>arxiv=0706.0001<code> or <code>arxiv=1501.00001<code> (since April 2007). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".▼
 
* <span id="csdoc_asin" />'''asin''': [[Amazon Standard Identification Number]]; if first character of '''asin''' value is a digit, use '''isbn'''.▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_arxiv" />'''arxiv'''</b>: [[arXiv]] [httphttps://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier identifier]; for example: <code>|arxiv=hep-th/9205027</code> (before April 2007) or <code>|arxiv=0706.0001</code> (April 2007 – December 2014) or <code>|arxiv=1501.00001</code> (since AprilJanuary 20072015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".
** <span id="csdoc_asin-tld" />'''asin-tld''': ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: <code>au</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cn</code>, <code>co.jp</code>, <code>co.uk</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>es</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>it</code>, <code>mx</code>▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_asin" />'''asin'''</b>: [[Amazon Standard Identification Number]]; if first character of '''asin''' value is a digit, use '''isbn'''. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example <code>|asin=B00005N5PF</code>
* <span id="csdoc_bibcode" />'''bibcode''': [[Bibcode]]; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: <code>1974AJ.....79..819H</code>
▲** <spanb id="csdoc_asin-tld" />'''asin-tld'''</b>: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: <code>au</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cn</code>, <code>co.jp</code>, <code>co.uk</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>es</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>it</code>, <code>mx</code>
* <span id="csdoc_doi" />'''doi''': [[Digital object identifier]]; for example: <code>10.1038/news070508-7</code>. It is checked to ensure it begins with ({{code|10.}}).▼
* <b id="csdoc_bibcode">bibcode</b>: [[bibcode]]; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: <code>1974AJ.....79..819H</code>. ''Comment:'' Techies are aware of the 2019 switch from old to new ADS URLs: the old URLs should continue working after October 2019 even though deprecated; see the [[Help_talk:Citation_Style_1/Archive_56#Old_NASA_ADS_is_retiring_this_summer:_change_Bibcode_URLs_to_new_UI?|April/May 2019]] and [[Help_talk:Citation_Style_1#Update_URL_for_bibcode_tag|June 2019]] discussions.
** <span id="csdoc_doi_brokendate" />'''doi-broken-date''': Date the DOI was found to be non-working at http://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: '''doi_brokendate''', '''doi-inactive-date'''▼
* <b id="csdoc_biorxiv">biorxiv</b>: [[bioRxiv|{{!}}bioRxiv]] id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g. <code>078733</code> for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733)
* <span id="csdoc_eissn" />'''eissn''': [[International Standard Serial Number]] for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a [[hyphen]], but not an [[Dash#En dash|en dash]] or a space. Alias: '''EISSN'''▼
* <b id="csdoc_citeseerx">citeseerx</b>: [[CiteSeerX|{{!}}CiteSeerX]] id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. <code>10.1.1.176.341</code> for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341 )
* <span id="csdoc_hdl" />'''hdl''': [[Handle System]] identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. Alias: '''HDL'''▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_doi" />'''doi'''</b>: [[Digital object identifier]]; for example: <code>10.1038/news070508-7</code>. It is checked to ensure it begins with ({{code|10.}}).
* <span id="csdoc_isbn" />'''isbn''': [[International Standard Book Number]]; for example: <code>978-0-8126-9593-9</code>. {{crossref|(See [[Wikipedia:ISBN]] and {{section link|ISBN|Overview}}.)}} Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, ''SBN 902888-45-5'' should be entered as {{para|isbn|0-902888-45-5}}. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without ''any'' additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: '''ISBN'''▼
▲** <spanb id="csdoc_doi_brokendate" />'''doi-broken-date'''</b>: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at httphttps://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: '''doi_brokendate''', '''doi-inactive-date'''
* <span id="csdoc_ismn" />'''ismn''': [[International Standard Music Number]]; for example: <code>979-0-9016791-7-7</code>. [[Hyphens]] or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without ''any'' additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: '''ISMN'''▼
* <spanb id="csdoc_issncsdoc_eissn" >eissn</b>'''issn''': [[International Standard Serial Number]] for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a [[hyphen]], but not an [[Dashdash#En dash|en dash]] or a space.; example <code>|eissn=1557-2986</code> Alias: '''ISSNEISSN'''
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_hdl" />'''hdl'''</b>: [[Handle System]] identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example <code>|hdl=20.1000/100</code> Alias: '''HDL'''
* <span id="csdoc_jfm" />'''jfm''': [[Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik]]▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_isbn" />'''isbn'''</b>: [[International Standard Book Number]]; for example: <code>978-0-8126-9593-9</code>. {{crossref|(See [[Wikipedia:ISBN]] and {{section link|ISBN|Overview}}.)}} DashesHyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, ''SBN 902888-45-5'' should be entered as {{para|isbn|0-902888-45-5}}. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without ''any'' additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: '''ISBN'''
* <span id="csdoc_jstor" />'''jstor''': [[JSTOR]] reference number; for example: <code>jstor=3793107</code> will generate [[JSTOR]] [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3793107 3793107].▼
** <b id="csdoc_ignore-isbnerror">ignore-isbn-error</b>: In very rare cases, actually used ISBNs (as printed on books) do not follow the standard checksum algorithm. In order to suppress the error message, the {{para|ignore-isbn-error|true}} parameter can be used to disable the checksum check in these cases. If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the ISBN instead of overriding the error message. Alias: '''ignoreisbnerror'''
* <span id="csdoc_lccn" />'''lccn''': [[Library of Congress Control Number]]. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case. ▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_ismn" />'''ismn'''</b>: [[International Standard Music Number]]; for example: <code>979-0-9016791-7-7</code>. [[Hyphens]] or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without ''any'' additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: '''ISMN'''
* <span id="csdoc_mr" />'''mr''': [[Mathematical Reviews]]▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_eissncsdoc_issn" >issn</b>'''eissn''': [[International Standard Serial Number]] for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a [[hyphen]], but not an [[Dashdash#En dash|en dash]] or a space.; example <code>|issn=2049-3630</code> Alias: '''EISSNISSN'''
* <span id="csdoc_oclc" />'''oclc''': [[Wikipedia:OCLC|OCLC]]; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_jfm" />'''jfm'''</b>: {{lang|de|[[Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik]]}}; example <code>|jfm=53.0144.01</code>
* <span id="csdoc_ol" />'''ol''': [[Open Library]] identifier; do not include "OL" in the value.▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_jstor" />'''jstor'''</b>: [[JSTOR]] reference number; for example: <code>|jstor=3793107</code> will generate [[JSTOR]] [httphttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3793107 3793107].
* <span id="csdoc_osti" />'''osti''': [[Office of Scientific and Technical Information]]▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_lccn" />'''lccn'''</b>: [[Library of Congress Control Number]]. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case.; example <code>|lccn=2004042477</code>
* <span id="csdoc_pmc" />'''pmc''': [[PubMed Central]]; use article number for full-text free repository of a journal article, e.g. <code>pmc=345678</code>. Do not include "PMC" in the value. {{crossref|See also the '''pmid''' parameter, below; these are two different identifiers.}}▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_mr" />'''mr'''</b>: [[Mathematical Reviews]]; example <code>|mr=630583</code>
** <span id="csdoc_Embargo" />'''embargo''': Date that '''pmc''' goes live; if this date is in the future, then '''pmc''' is not linked until that date.▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_oclc" />'''oclc'''</b>: [[Wikipedia:OCLC|OCLC]]; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center; example <code>|oclc=9355469</code>
* <span id="csdoc_pmid" />'''pmid''': [[PubMed]]; use unique identifier. {{crossref|See also the '''pmc''' parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.}}▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_ol" />'''ol'''</b>: [[Open Library]] identifier; do not include "OL" in the value.; example <code>|ol=7030731M</code>
* <span id="csdoc_rfc" />'''rfc''': [[Request for Comments]]▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_osti" />'''osti'''</b>: [[Office of Scientific and Technical Information]]; example <code>|osti=4367507</code>
* <span id="csdoc_ssrn" />'''ssrn''': [[Social Science Research Network]]▼
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_pmc" />'''pmc'''</b>: [[PubMed Central]]; use article number for [[open repository]] full-text free repository of a journal article, e.g. <code>|pmc=345678</code>. Do not include "PMC" in the value. {{crossref|See also the '''pmid''' parameter, below; these are two different identifiers.}}
* <span id="csdoc_zbl" />'''zbl''': [[Zentralblatt MATH]]
▲** <spanb id="csdoc_Embargo" />'''embargo'''</b>: Date that '''pmc''' goes live; if this date is in the future, then '''pmc''' is not linked until that date.
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_pmid" />'''pmid'''</b>: [[PubMed]]; use unique identifier.; example <code>|pmid=17322060</code> {{crossref|See also the '''pmc''' parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.}}
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_rfc" />'''rfc'''</b>: [[Request for Comments]]; example <code>|rfc=3143</code>
▲* <spanb id="csdoc_ssrn" />'''ssrn'''</b>: [[Social Science Research Network]]; example <code>|ssrn=1900856</code>
* <b id="csdoc_zbl">zbl</b>: {{lang|de|[[Zentralblatt MATH]]|italic=no}}; example <code>|zbl=0472.53010</code> For zbMATH search results like <code>JFM 35.0387.02</code> use <code>|jfm=35.0387.02</code>
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