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=== Carbon Markets === |
=== Carbon Markets === |
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Generally speaking, carbon markets aim to reduce GHG emissions by setting limits on emissions and enabling the trading of emission units, which represent emission reductions. ML can help predict prices in carbon markets and analyze the main drivers of these prices to improve their efficiency. In terms of the design of market-based strategies, such as carbon tax or cap-and-trade programs, it is necessary to understand how effectively each strategy will reduce emissions, as well as how the underlying socio-technical system may be affected. ML can help assess the outcomes of market-based strategies to ensure they are effective and equitable. |
Generally speaking, carbon markets aim to reduce GHG emissions by setting limits on emissions and enabling the trading of emission units, which represent emission reductions. ML can help predict prices in carbon markets and analyze the main drivers of these prices to improve their efficiency. In terms of the design of market-based strategies, such as carbon tax or cap-and-trade programs, it is necessary to understand how effectively each strategy will reduce emissions, as well as how the underlying socio-technical system may be affected. ML can help assess the outcomes of market-based strategies to ensure they are effective and equitable. |
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=== General === |
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*'''Resources for Effective Climate Decisions. (Ch. 4) Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change (2010''')<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2010-12-07|title=Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/12784|doi=10.17226/12784}}</ref>: A chapter from a report published after a series of five coordinated activities convened by the National Research Council in response to a request from Congress. [https://www.nap.edu/read/12784/chapter/6#126 Available here.] |
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*'''Climate Change and Society: Approaches and Responses. (2011)'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dryzek|first=John S.|last2=Norgaard|first2=Richard B.|last3=Schlosberg|first3=David|date=2011-08-18|title=Climate Change and Society: Approaches and Responses|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0001|journal=Oxford Handbooks Online|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0001}}</ref>: a chapter from the Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society. [https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199566600-e-1 Available here.] |
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*'''Assessment and Decision-making for Climate Change: An Overview of Four Approaches (2012):''' The second report of the West Kootenay Climate Vulnerability and Resilience Project. [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/nrs-climate-change/applied-science/holtreport2assess4approaches.pdf Available here.] |
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*'''Social Capital, Collective Action, and Adaptation to Climate Change (2003)'''<ref>{{Citation|title=Social Capital, Collective Action, and Adaptation to Climate Change|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92258-4_19|publisher=VS Verlag fΓΌr Sozialwissenschaften}}</ref>''':''' a review of the emerging perspectives of collective action and social capital. [https://www.crcresearch.org/files-crcresearch/File/adger_03.pdf Available here.] |
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*'''Social, Economic, and Ethical Concepts and Methods. (Ch. 3). (2014)'''<ref>{{Citation|title=Social, Economic, and Ethical Concepts and Methods|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415416.009|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> : a report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) regarding the social and economic aspects of climate change. [https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter3.pdf Available here.] |
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==== General ==== |
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* Resources for Effective Climate Decisions. (Ch. 4) [https://www.nap.edu/read/12784/chapter/6#126 Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change.] (2010) |
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* Dryzek, J.S. et al., [https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199566600-e-1 Climate Change and Society: Approaches and Responses.] (2011) |
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* Holt, R.F. et al., [https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/nrs-climate-change/applied-science/holtreport2assess4approaches.pdf Assessment and Decision-making for Climate Change: An Overview of Four Approaches] (2012) |
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* Adge, N.W., [https://www.crcresearch.org/files-crcresearch/File/adger_03.pdf Social Capital, Collective Action, and Adaptation to Climate Change]. (2003) |
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* Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). [https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter3.pdf Social, Economic, and Ethical Concepts and Methods.] (Ch. 3). (2014) |
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==== Policy Design ==== |
==== Policy Design ==== |
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*'''From Science to Policy: Developing Responses to Climate Change. (Ch. 12). Climate Change and Human Health - Risks and Responses. (1996)'''<ref>{{Citation|title=The Politics of Climate Science|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8925-3_8|publisher=Springer Netherlands}}</ref>: a report by the World Health Organization on the risks to human health of developing responses to climate change. [https://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/chapter12.pdf Available here.] |
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*'''Decision making under uncertainty in climate change mitigation: introducing multiple actor motivations, agency and influence (2018)'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Roelich|first=Katy|last2=Giesekam|first2=Jannik|date=2018-06-04|title=Decision making under uncertainty in climate change mitigation: introducing multiple actor motivations, agency and influence|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2018.1479238|journal=Climate Policy|volume=19|issue=2|pages=175β188|doi=10.1080/14693062.2018.1479238|issn=1469-3062}}</ref>: an article that presents an analysis that includes the perspectives and agency of multiple actors in climate change mitigation, through a case study of the UK construction sector. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2018.1479238 Available here.] |
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* Roelich, K. and Giesekam, J. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2018.1479238 Decision making under uncertainty in climate change mitigation: introducing multiple actor motivations, agency and influence]. (2018) |
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*'''Decision Making and Climate Change Uncertainty: Setting the Foundations for Informed and Consistent Strategic Decisions. (2019)'''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Adapting Infrastructure to Climate Change|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315638973|publisher=Routledge|accessdate=2020-08-28}}</ref>''':''' an accessible explanation of how public officials, especially in low income countries, can address today's short- term pressing needs while preparing for tomorrow's climate-related impacts, written by the Climate Change Advisor of the Government of Quito, Chile. [https://www.wri.org/our-work/project/world-resources-report/decision-making-and-climate-change-uncertainty-setting Available here.] |
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* Zambrano-BarragΓ‘n, C. [https://www.wri.org/our-work/project/world-resources-report/decision-making-and-climate-change-uncertainty-setting Decision Making and Climate Change Uncertainty: Setting the Foundations for Informed and Consistent Strategic Decisions.] (2019) |
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*'''Climate Change Policies (2016'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Del RΓo|first=Pablo|title=Climate Change Policies and New Technologies|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781000885.00016|journal=Climate Change Policies|doi=10.4337/9781781000885.00016}}</ref>'''):''' A report by the European Environmental Agency on defining successful, impactful policies for climate change. [https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/policy-context Available here.] |
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* European Environmental Agency. [https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/policy-context Climate Change Policies] (2016) |
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==== Markets and Pricing ==== |
==== Markets and Pricing ==== |
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*'''Market Strategies for Climate Change (2004)'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kolk|first=Ans|last2=Pinkse|first2=Jonatan|date=2004-06-01|title=Market Strategies for Climate Change|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263237304000453|journal=European Management Journal|language=en|volume=22|issue=3|pages=304β314|doi=10.1016/j.emj.2004.04.011|issn=0263-2373}}</ref>''':''' examines current market responses, focusing on the drivers (threats and opportunities) and the actions being taken by companies to address climate change. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0263237304000453 Available here.] |
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* Kolk, K., Pinkse, J. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0263237304000453 Market Strategies for Climate Change.] (2004) |
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*'''The Critical Role of Markets in Climate Change Adaptation (2018)'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Anderson|first=Sarah|last2=Anderson|first2=Terry|last3=Hill|first3=Alice|last4=Kahn|first4=Matthew|last5=Kunreuther|first5=Howard|last6=Libecap|first6=Gary|last7=Mantripragada|first7=Hari|last8=MΓ©rel|first8=Pierre|last9=Plantinga|first9=Andrew|last10=Smith|first10=V. Kerry|date=2018-05|title=The Critical Role of Markets in Climate Change Adaptation|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w24645.pdf|language=en|location=Cambridge, MA|pages=w24645|doi=10.3386/w24645}}</ref>''':''' this paper summarizes and synthesizes the role of markets in facilitating climate change adaptation. It explains how market signals encourage adaptation through land markets. [https://www.nber.org/papers/w24645 Available here.] |
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* Anderson, S.E. et al. [https://www.nber.org/papers/w24645 The Critical Role of Markets in Climate Change Adaptation]. (2018) |
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*'''Market-based strategies. (2019)'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Market-Based Strategies|url=https://www.c2es.org/content/market-based-strategies/|website=Center for Climate and Energy Solutions|date=2020-06-13}}</ref>: An overview prepared by the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions about market-based approaches, like a carbon tax or cap-and-trade program, that can help reduce emissions at the lowest possible cost. [https://www.c2es.org/content/market-based-strategies/ Available here.] |
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* Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. [https://www.c2es.org/content/market-based-strategies/ Market-based strategies.] (2019) |
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== Online Courses and Course Materials == |
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== Community == |
== Community == |
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=== Major conferences === |
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*[https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/un-climate-summit-2019.shtml '''United Nations Climate Summit''']: a summit presenting countries' concrete, realistic plans to enhance their nationally determined contributions by 2020, in line with reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 45 per cent over the next decade, and to net zero emissions by 2050. |
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*'''[https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/conferences/bonn-climate-change-conference-june-2019/bonn-climate-change-conference-june-2019 Bonn Climate Change Conference]:''' hosts a wide range of events, meetings, and negotiating sessions that will set the stage for raising ambition to curb greenhouse gas emissions, accelerate resilience-building efforts, and ensure that climate policy is built on a solid foundation of the best available science and knowledge. |
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* [https://www.c2es.org/events/ Center for Climate and Energy Solutions] |
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*[https://www.c2es.org/events/ '''Center for Climate and Energy Solutions''']: an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization working to forge practical solutions to climate change. |
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=== Past and upcoming events === |
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== Libraries and tools == |
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* [https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/un-climate-summit-2019.shtml United Nations Climate Summit (September 2019)] |
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* [https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/conferences/bonn-climate-change-conference-june-2019/bonn-climate-change-conference-june-2019 Bonn Climate Change Conference (June 2019)] |
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== Important considerations == |
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== Selected problems == |
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== References == |
== References == |
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